Intel recently pulled the wraps off its mystical wireless charging device at the Intel Developers Forum in San Francisco. The gadget uses resonant magnetic fields to transmit power over a short distance. In their demonstration, the wireless power transmitter sent enough juice through the ether to power a 60-watt lightbulb a few feet away.

It works like this: The charger sends power through the air across two resonating electromagnetic coils. Electromagnetic waves are emitted from one coil and are received by another a few feet away. The magic frequency for this power transmission seems to be 10 MHz. The result is a steady flow of juice at the receiving coil, enough to, say, power a lightbulb.

The technology has been around since the days of Tesla, but it hasn’t been deemed efficient enough or stable enough for everyday use. Until recently, engineers working at MIT could only get about 45 percent efficiency out of the system, meaning that more than half of the electricity going into the first coil never made it across the gap to the second. Intel claims that its new charger operates at 75 percent efficiency, a huge leap over previous systems.

Intel researchers say that that there’s no chance of getting zapped by the wireless charger. Magnetic waves pass through human bodies without interference, they say. The company hopes to develop a wireless charging system for laptops in the future.

Link to New York Times article

Light bulbs siphon a lot of juice out of the grid, which makes them perfect targets for anyone trying to conserve power. Compact fluorescents (CFLs) have been leading the charge, armed with mercury vapor and phosphor that emits far more light per watt than hot incandescent bulbs. But they’re toxic and expensive, so engineers are looking for alternatives.

Enter LEDs, light-emitting diodes. They can be twice as efficient as CFLs and 10 times as efficient as incandescent bulbs. But they’re expensive, complex structures of gallium nitride crystals, reflectors and even sapphires. Until now. Researchers at Perdue University have figured out how to make LEDs using good-old silicon wafers. The new process could mean LEDs that compete, price-wise, with CFLs and even incandescent bulbs. And the new LEDs are efficient—between 47 to 64 percent efficient. Compare that to an incandescent bulb’s paltry 10 percent and you can see how the new lights could save a ton of electricity.

That’s not all. LED manufacturer OSRAM has developed a new LED that’s significantly brighter than existing bulbs. They’ve managed to push 500 lumens out of a single 1-mm-square LED. To put things into perspective, a 100-watt incandescent bulb puts out about 1700 lumens. The new LEDs are also extremely efficient, cranking out about 136 lumens per watt. Again, a 100-watt incandescent only manages about 17 or 18 lumens per watt. OSRAM plans to put the new bulbs on the market within a year. Possible uses include small projectors, automobile lights and interior lighting for the home.

If that wasn’t enough, the startup Vu1 is producing a new type of light bulb altogether. They’re called ESL (electron stimulated luminescence) and they use electrons to directly stimulate a layer of phosphorus on the inside of a bulb. It’s the same technology that makes the old-timey tube TVs glow. The company claims that their bulbs emit about 40 lumens per watt. The light, they say, matches incandescent light in color and quality. The bulbs should be available in September 2008 for about $12 a piece. Not cheap, but on par with the price of a dim-able CFL.

So what difference will all these newfangled bulbs make? The US uses a third of its energy for lighting. Engineers at Perdue estimate that switching out incandescent bulbs could cut US energy consumption by about 10 percent.

Link to TreeHugger article.

Link to Gizmodo article.

Link to Gizmodo article.

All computer data boils down to ones and zeros. Until now, that is. A team of computer engineers at the University of Pennsylvania have figured out how to throw a “two” into the mix using copper nanowires, adding a third dimension to computing. They call the data triumvirates “trits,” and they could vastly increase the capacity of memory storage devices.

It works like this: Each nanowire is made up of two materials, a central core and a casing. Flashing a current through the wire causes either the core or the casing to phase change from crystalized (neat and orderly) to amorphous (jumbled and messy). The whole wire can either be crystalized or amorphous, representing a one or a zero, a traditional bit. Zapping the core crystalized and the casing amorphous or vice versa, adds the “two,” giving birth to the “trit.” 

Team member Ritesh Agarwal spoke to PhysOrg.com about the discovery:

“The use of nanowires to create electronic memory is advantageous for several reasons, but a non-binary form of nanowire memory like we have created could allow for a huge increase in the memory density of potential future devices.”

That means more memory in smaller packages and, eventually, digital wristwatches that are smarter than I am.

Link to PhysOrg.com article.

Researchers in the EU-funded research consortium CONTACT have built a printer that can lay down LCD displays on virtually any substrate, from plastic to paper to fabric. The new printer can spit out displays in any shape, freeing gadget designers to create more organic forms.

Their new printer, dubbed Labratester 2, will be able to print a tiny TFT matrix on any material, then follow up with an LCD matrix. The process should allow cheap digital displays that could be printed on eyeglasses, clothing or anything else.

Link to ScienceDaily article.

Plastic typically insulates, protecting you from nervous-system-frying electrocution. But a team of Dutch researchers have discovered that if you mash two types of plastic together just right, they’ll conduct electricity as well as metal and exhibit properties that trump high-tech semiconductors.

Alberto Morpurgo and a team at the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands squashed a micrometer of the organic polymer TTF to another micro-layer of a polymer called TCNQ. The two plastics stick together due to van der Waals forces—weak magnetic forces that act on molecules. Both polymers are insulators, but when they’re forced together electricity flows along the junction as well as it flows through metal.

Morpurgo believes that electrons are able to jump between spaces in the TCNQ molecules, allowing current to flow. It’s a new way to channel current and the researchers expect to discover many “interesting electronic properties” as they examine the material further.

The new polymer combo could replace semiconductors in circuitry. (Semiconductors are used to control the flow of electrons and are indispensable to modern electronics.) According to researchers, it’s much better at conducting electricity than current semiconductors.

Jochen Mannhart at the University of Augsburg in Germany told NewScientist:

“The electron concentration there is an order of magnitude higher,” he says. “That has the power to create new effects, from magnetism to superconductivity.”

Link to NewScientist article.

Everybody has one crazy uncle who, through mysterious circumstances, managed to secure the secret schematics for a car that runs on water. Maybe he ordered them from the back of an old Popular Science magazine, or even got them from the inventor himself; a man who is doggedly pursued by oil industry henchmen. Well, those plans have been leaked, to Japan. A Japanese company dubbed Genepax claims it has invented a car that runs on nothing but air and water.

The car uses their mysterious “Water Energy System,” or “WES” for short, to generate electricity from splitting water into its component parts. The deus ex machina seems to be an ingenious Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) that can do the job with a simple chemical reaction.

Details are still under wraps, but Genepax says that WES doesn’t require any hydrogen reformer, high-pressure hydrogen tank or exotic catalysts. It still requires platinum, but no more than other current hydrogen fuel cells.

The company has wired their WES system into a Reva electric car, made by Takeoka Mini Car Products Co Ltd. The car runs on a supply of water and air, fed to the WES system with a pump. It doesn’t emit any carbon dioxide.

Right now the WES system costs about $18,000 to build, but Genepax hopes to get the price down to around $4,600 through mass production.

In a move reminiscent of one of the most popular sci-fi plots of the 20th century, the U.S. military is planning to use the world’s fastest super computer to watch over its nukes. The computer, made by IBM, goes by the name “Roadrunner” and uses about 20,000 processors. It runs at ”petaflop speeds,” the equivalent of one thousand trillion calculations per second and is about twice as powerful as the last great super computer, also made by IBM. 

Roadrunner uses the famed “cell” processor, developed by IBM, Sony and Toshiba for the PlayStation 3, to crunch numbers. It employs other standard processors for autonomic functions. Combined, Roadrunner has enough juice to keep an eye on the U.S. nuclear stockpile while simultaneously parsing astronomical, genomic and weather data. The computer will be housed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.

IBM has several more petaflop computers in the works and plans to make the computers commercially available.

Link to BBC article.

In a delightful marriage of engineering and slap-schtick puns, a team of Japanese electronic miracle workers have developed a literal solar plant—an artificial houseplant that harvests electricity from sunlight. It’s the brainchild of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Mitsubishi Corp and Tokki Corp. 

According to an article at TechOn, “The organic thin-film solar cell consists of a plastic substrate, phthalocyanine layer, fullerene layer and so forth.”

No word on how much power it actually generates, but it would be fantastic to replace all your houseplants with these.

Link to TechOn article.